مَوادَس کُن گٔژھِو

ہِندوستٲنؠ زَبان

وِکیٖپیٖڈیا پؠٹھٕ، اَکھ آزاد اِنسایکلوپیٖڈیا
Hindustani
ہِندوستٲنؠ
ہِندی-اُردوٗ
  • हिन्दुस्तानी
  • ہندوستانی
The word Hindustani in the Devanagari and Perso-Arabic scripts
Pronunciation[ɦɪnd̪ʊst̪ɑːniː]
مَقامی جاےہِندوستان تہٕ پٲکِستان
عَلاقہٕوۄتُر پرَٛدیش/دِل (Hindi Belt),
Deccan (جۄنوٗبی ہِندوستان),
پٲکِستان[1]
مَقامی بولَن وٲلؠ
L1 speakers: c. 250 million (2011 & 2017 censuses)[2]
L2 speakers: ~500 million (1999–2016)[2]
ہِند یوٗرَپی
  • ہِند-ایٖرٲنؠ
    • ہِند-آرین
      • ہِندی زون
        • مغربی ہِندی
          • Hindustani
            ہِندوستٲنؠ
Early forms
شاوراسینی پراکرت
  • اپابھرٛمسا
    • پرٛٲنؠ ہِندی
Standard forms
Dialects
  • دکنؠ زَبان
  • حیدرآبادی اُردوٗ
  • دھاکہیا اُردوٗ
  • ریختہ
  • کوراویہ
  • بمبے ہِندی
  • بِہٲرؠ ہِندی
  • کیریبیَن ہِندی [lower-alpha 1]
  • فِجی ہِندی
  • انڈمان ہِندی
  • ہافلونٛگ ہِندی
  • یہوٗدؠ اُردوٗ
  • بنگالی-آسامی رسم الخط (بنگلہ دیش منٛز اردو خٲطرٕ)
  • لاطینی (انگریزی- اُردوٗ، غٲر رسمی متن)
  • کایتھی (تٲریٖخی)
  • برب (یہوٗدؠ-اُردوٗ)
  • لنڈھا (تٲریخی)
  • مہاجنی (تٲریٖخی، خاص طور پر ہندی)
  • ہِندی بریلی
  • اُردوٗ بریلی
Indian Signing System (ISS)[3]
Official status
Official language in
Regulated by
زَبان کوڈ
آے ایس او 639-1hi – Hindi
ur – Urdu
آے ایس او 639-2hin – Hindi
urd – Urdu
آے ایس او 639-3Either:
hin – Hindi
urd – Urdu
Linguasphere59-AAF-qa to -qf
Areas (red) where Hindustani (Delhlavi or Kauravi) is the native language

ہِندوستٲنؠ چھ اَکھ ہند-آریٲیی زبان یۄس شمٲلی ہندوستان تہٕ پاکستانس مَنٛز بولنہٕ چھےٚ یوان، تہٕ چھےٚ اَمہِ علاقٕچ زبان پٲٹھؠ کٲم کران۔[lower-alpha 4] یہِ چھ دکنؠ لوٗک تہٕ بولان۔ ہِندوستٲنؠ چھ اَکھ کثرت ہند زبان یَتھ مَنٛز زٕ زَبان رجسٹر چھ، یَتھ ہندی ونان چھ (دیٛوناگری (لِکھٲرؠ نِظام)) مَنٛز لیکھنہٕ آمت تہٕ سنسکرت تہٕ اُردوٗ سٟتؠ متٲثر (فارسی عربی رسم الخطس مَنٛز لیکھنہٕ آمتؠ تہٕ فارسی تہٕ عربی زبانو سٟتؠ متٲثر) یم بالترتیب ہِندوستان تہٕ پٲکستانٕچ سرکٲری زَبانہٕ چھ۔[11][12] اَتھ چھ ہِندی-اُردوٗ تہٕ ونان۔[13]

  1. Locally referred to by its local language variant however, most people simply call the language Hindustani
  2. Also written as हिंदुस्तानी
  3. This will only display in a Nastaliq font if you will have one installed, otherwise it may display in a modern Arabic font in a style more common for writing Arabic and most other non-Urdu languages such as Naskh. If this پاکستان and this پاکستان‎ looks like this پاکستان‎, then you are not seeing it in Nastaliq.
  4. /ˌhɪndʊˈstɑːni/; Devanagari: हिन्दुस्तानी,[lower-alpha 2] Perso-Arabic: ہندوستانی‎,[lower-alpha 3] transliteration: Hindustānī, وۄشژار [ɦɪnd̪ʊst̪ɑːniː], فرما:Lit[7][8][9][10]

حَوالہٕ

[اؠڈِٹ]
  1. Robina Kausar؛ Muhammad Sarwar؛ Muhammad Shabbir (eds.). "The History of the Urdu Language Together with Its Origin and Geographic Distribution" (PDF). International Journal of Innovation and Research in Educational Sciences. 2 (1).
  2. 2٫0 2٫1 "Hindi" L1: 322 million (2011 Indian census), including perhaps 150 million speakers of other languages that reported their language as "Hindi" on the census. L2: 274 million (2016, source unknown). Urdu L1: 67 million (2011 & 2017 censuses), L2: 102 million (1999 Pakistan, source unknown, and 2001 Indian census): Ethnologue 21. فرما:E21. فرما:E21.
  3. Norms & Guidelines آرکایو کۆرمُت 13 جَنؤری 2014 بذریعہ ویے بیک مَشیٖن, 2009. D.Ed. Special Education (Deaf & Hard of Hearing), [www.rehabcouncil.nic.in Rehabilitation Council of India]
  4. The Central Hindi Directorate regulates the use of Devanagari and Hindi spelling in India. Source: Central Hindi Directorate: Introduction آرکایو کۆرمُت 15 اَپریل 2010 بذریعہ ویے بیک مَشیٖن
  5. "National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language". www.urducouncil.nic.in.
  6. Zia, K. (1999). Standard Code Table for Urdu آرکایو کۆرمُت 8 اَپریل 2019 بذریعہ ویے بیک مَشیٖن. 4th Symposium on Multilingual Information Processing, (MLIT-4), Yangon, Myanmar. CICC, Japan. Retrieved on 28 May 2008.
    • McGregor، R. S., ed. (1993)، "हिंदुस्तानी"، The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary، Oxford University Press، ص. 1071، 2. hindustani [P. hindustani] f Hindustani (a mixed Hindi dialect of the Delhi region which came to be used as a lingua franca widely throughout India and what is now Pakistan)
    • "हिंदुस्तानी"، बृहत हिंदी कोश खंड 2 (Large Hindi Dictionary, Volume 2)، केन्द्रीय हिंदी निदेशालय, भारत सरकार (Central Hindi Directorate, Government of India)، ص. 1458، retrieved 17 October 2021
    • Das، Shyamasundar (1975)، Hindi Shabda Sagar (Hindi dictionary) in 11 volumes, revised edition، Kashi (Varanasi): Nagari Pracharini Sabha، ص. 5505، हिंदुस्तानी hindustānī३ संज्ञा स्त्री॰ १. हिंदुस्तान की भाषा । २. बोलचाल या व्यवहार की वह हिंदी जिसमें न तो बहुत अरबी फारसी के शब्द हों न संस्कृत के । उ॰—साहिब लोगों ने इस देश की भाषा का एक नया नाम हिंदुस्तानी रखा । Translation: Hindustani hindustānī3 noun feminine 1. The language of Hindustan. 2. That version of Hindi employed for common speech or business in which neither many Arabic or Persian words nor Sanskrit words are present. Context: The British gave the new name Hindustani to the language of this country.
    • Chaturvedi، Mahendra (1970)، "हिंदुस्तानी"، A Practical Hindi-English Dictionary، Delhi: National Publishing House، hindustānī hīndusta:nī: a theoretically existent style of the Hindi language which is supposed to consist of current and simple words of any sources whatever and is neither too much biassed in favour of Perso-Arabic elements nor has any place for too much high-flown Sanskritized vocabulary
  7. "About Hindi-Urdu". North Carolina State University. Archived from the original on 15 August 2009. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
  8. حَوالہٕ غَلطی: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Grierson
  9. Ray، Aniruddha (2011). The Varied Facets of History: Essays in Honour of Aniruddha Ray ( اَنگیٖزؠ زَبانہِ مَنٛز). Primus Books. ISBN 978-93-80607-16-0. There was the Hindustani Dictionary of Fallon published in 1879; and two years later (1881), John J. Platts produced his Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi and English, which implied that Hindi and Urdu were literary forms of a single language. More recently, Christopher R. King in his One Language, Two Scripts (1994) has presented the late history of the single spoken language in two forms, with the clarity and detail that the subject deserves.
  10. "Hindustani language". Encyclopedia Britannica. 1 November 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2021. (subscription required) lingua franca of northern India and Pakistan. Two variants of Hindustani, Urdu and Hindi, are official languages in Pakistan and India, respectively. Hindustani began to develop during the 13th century CE in and around the Indian cities of Delhi and Meerut in response to the increasing linguistic diversity that resulted from Muslim hegemony. In the 19th century its use was widely promoted by the British, who initiated an effort at standardization. Hindustani is widely recognized as India's most common lingua franca, but its status as a vernacular renders it difficult to measure precisely its number of speakers.
  11. Yoon، Bogum؛ Pratt، Kristen L., eds. (15 January 2023). Primary Language Impact on Second Language and Literacy Learning ( اَنگیٖزؠ زَبانہِ مَنٛز). Lexington Books. ص. 198. In terms of cross-linguistic relations, Urdu's combinations of Arabic-Persian orthography and Sanskrit linguistic roots provides interesting theoretical as well as practical comparisons demonstrated in table 12.1.
  12. Gandhi، M. K. (2018). An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth: A Critical Edition. Translated by Desai، Mahadev. annotation by Suhrud, Tridip. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300234077. (p. 737) I was handicapped for want of suitable Hindi or Urdu words. This was my first occasion for delivering an argumentative speech before an audience especially composed of Mussalmans of the North. I had spoken in Urdu at the Muslim League at Calcutta, but it was only for a few minutes, and the speech was intended only to be a feeling appeal to the audience. Here, on the contrary, I was faced with a critical, if not hostile, audience, to whom I had to explain and bring home my view-point. But I had cast aside all shyness. I was not there to deliver an address in the faultless, polished Urdu of the Delhi Muslims, but to place before the gathering my views in such broken Hindi as I could command. And in this I was successful. This meeting afforded me a direct proof of the fact that Hindi-Urdu alone could become the lingua franca<Footnote M8> of India. (M8: "national language" in the Gujarati original).